Bebe Akinboade

COMMON SKIN PROBLEM, CARE & TREATMENT

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 Innumerable internal and external factors may lead to some
of the common skin problems, gaining an insight into them will help you to
manage as well as protect skin in a better way.  Acne and
non-cancerous growth such as, moles and warts are some of the
most common skin problems.
 Our Skin has its own protective mechanism
against sunlight. When it is exposed to the rays of the sun, the pigment in the
skin increases in order to protect the inner layer of the skin.
 The skin tends to tan due to repeated exposure to the
sun especially for long durations. In fair skins, there is an accumulation of
pigment in the lower layers, which gets gradually destroyed, as it is
transferred to the upper layers. Due to continued exposure, the fair skin
acquires freckles, which are accumulation of pigments in areas that have
little or no pigment.
 Freckles are tiny black spots spread all over
the face. They tend to appear more on the areas-like the nose, cheek bones and
forehead.

CARE:
 (A) Avoid excessive exposure to sun.
(B) Use a Sunscreen whenever you move out in the sun with SPF
of 15 or higher.
(C) Consult a   Dermatologist
Although they do not need to be treated, but as some women
find them unattractive they might choose to have them lightened by bleaching or
removed by freezing (cryotherapy) or laser therapy (treatment using high energy
beams of light).
In rare cases, they may be early changes that could lead to
most serious form of skin cancer, malignant melanoma.
These are caused by the accumulation of hardened sebum or
oil in the pores of the skin. They tend to appear in form of tiny, pearly,
white raised spots. It occurs when a plug of sebum blocks a hair
follicle
deeper in the skin.
CARE:
 (A) Regular deep pore
cleansing helps to discourages whiteheads: A mixture of beauty grains
and skin tonic rubbed on the affected areas will discourage the
formation and also help to dislodge them after a period of time.
(B) They should never be removed forcibly. Forcible
extraction will only damage the skin tissue and cause infection.
(C) Consult a doctor. He or she might prescribe a medicated,
cream or gel effective for preventing whiteheads.
(D) Aim at consuming adequate amount of fruits and
vegetables in your daily diet.
(E) Drink plenty of water and fresh fruit juices.
A glass of warm water with the juice of lemon helps to cleanse the body of
toxic residues and help the elimination of wastes.
 A blackhead results when dead skin cells and sebum
block a hair follicle near the surface of the skin. The mixture of
pigment (the protein that gives skin its color) from the dead skin cells and sebum
makes a blackhead dark; it is not dirt that can be washed away.
The oily skin tends to attract more grime and dirt from the
environment and these pollutants also collect in the pore with the hardened
oil. Blackhead causes the pores to be further enlarged and women with oily skin
end up with a skin texture that is course and rough.
 They are the cause of acne. When a pore is
fully blocked, the oil glands can get infected resulting in a pimple.
CARE
 (A) Wash the face
with a medicated soap and lukewarm water to reduce the oiliness of the skin
surface, so as to eliminate chances of infection.
(B) Rinsing with plain water as often as possible will keep
the skin free of environmental pollutants.
(C) Washing must be followed by a more thorough cleansing to
dislodge hardened sebum and keep the pores clean.
(D) Do not use oil-based moisturizers especially on the
blemished area.
(E) Blackheads should be treated only by a doctor to avoid
infection or scaring. He or she will squeeze out the plug of sebum and dead
skin cells from the blocked hair follicle using instruments that will not harm
your skin.
 The over activity of the sebaceous glands usually
results in skin with enlarged pores. Excessive oil secretion by the glands
causes the pores to get clogged. The pores are thus stretched to accommodate
the hardened sebum and lose their natural resilience. This excessive secretion of
oil, might thicken the pores and mar the porcelain quality of skin, leaving the
skin coarse.
CARE
 (A) Use a medicated cleanser to reduce
the surface oil. Deep pore cleansing with specialized cleanser also
helps. 
(B) The skin should be toned daily- toning removes
greasiness remaining from the skin, closes pores, refines the skin and provides
it a smooth clean texture. Skin tonics are generally composed of infusions of
herbs, flowers, vinegar, rose-water and witch-hazel.
A skin tonic with a rose base is excellent. Keep some in a
bowl in the refrigerator. Soak cotton wool pads and pat the skin briskly with
it after a cleansing routine.
Warts are small firm flesh colored lumps that can appear
anywhere on the skin, but most often they occur on the hands and feet.
They are caused by a virus that infects the skin cells,
making them grow rapidly. As they are contagious, you should avoid touching
warts on someone else’s skin.
If you have warts, keep them from coming in contact with
someone else’s skin.
Warts may go away on their own within about 2 yrs, or you
may be able to dissolve with an over the counter mediation.
 Consult you doctor regarding dissolving or removal of
wart. If the wart fails to dissolve through strong medication, he or she might
remove it by cutting, freezing or burning it or by laser
surgery
(treatment using high-energy beams of light to destroy tissues).
 Skin tags are small, protruding flaps of skin that
usually appear on the neck, armpits, upper trunk or in folds of skin,
such  as those under the breast.
 Skin tags are small and may be of the same color as
your skin or dark like a mole. They are common and usually appear after the age
of 20 yrs, they are harmless, but might be irritated by friction.
 Consult your doctor if you feel a need to remove or cutting
of skin tags or burning it. People rarely have a scar after either of
the treatments.
DARK UNDER-EYE CIRCLE
 These are generally caused by lack of sleep, fatigue,
stress, dietary deficiency or disease. Proper sleep is vital bright,
shining eyes. Eight hours of sleep is a must. Avoid extra strain on the
eyes by reading only in good light and by making sure that you can see properly
before undertaking work like sewing or writing.
 The skin around the eye is very delicate. A medical
support will help you in adopting a daily care routine. Before going to be,
clean the skin around the eyes with a moist cotton wool. Whichever product you
decide to use must be very light in texture.
 Almond helps to remove dark circles, and is an
excellent “skin food”. Remove the cream applied around the eye after
10 min. No cream should be left on the skin around the eyes for long periods. Avoid
the area around the eye, when applying face masks. 
HOME MADE RECIPE TO COMBAT DARK
CIRCLE
Avoid the area around the eye, when applying face masks.
Below are two simple home recipes to combat dark under eye circles:-
  (A) Grate half cucumber, strain it and refrigerate.
Dab a mixture of lemon juice, lanolin cream and cucumber juice around the eye
for 10 minutes and then wipe off.
(B) Apply crushed mint around the eye. This will take away
the darkness around the eye.

 The bumpy, puckered and dimpled irregularities of fat
collection which occurs over many women’s buttocks, hips and thighs are called
cellulite. These areas are often the first to attract fat and the last to lose
it.
 A mesh of collagen fibers hold the fat under the skin.
The bumps, dimples and accompanying shadows of cellulite are simply the fat
pushing out of the holes in the mesh.
In order to reduce cellulite; the amount of fat must be reduced,
t
he supporting muscles must be toned up, the surroundings and
intertwining protein mesh work needs to be altered.
Although cellulite is difficult to get rid off completely, a
proper diet will reduce the fat, exercise will tone the underlying muscles and
vigorous massaging will drown the protein mesh work and the fat stores,
helping to improve the appearance of this condition.
 Unfortunately there is no long term solution to
cellulite. From a medical standpoint, topical Aminophylline cream has
been helpful for some people. The preparation is applied to the affected area
twice a day to reduce cellulite in some people. Aminophylline cream is
available only through medical prescription so do not go out searching
in the local chemist shops.
The regular use of this cream in combination with the
following suggestions should help to improve the look of the thighs and
buttocks of women affected with cellulite:
Maintaining lower fat stores, with a well balanced low
fat diet
.
Avoid foods that encourage deep fluid retention, such
as too much salt in the diet, and too many diet drinks.
Regular hormonal balance, check-ups.
Tone the muscles with daily buttocks, thigh and hip
exercises, so that the fat cushion is sitting on a firm base. Exercise like
vigorous walking, swimming and cycling are particularly helpful.
Vigorous massaging the areas of cellulite for 10 min
each day to break down the fibrous mesh and the larger fat globules. Applying hot
water bottle
or heating pads to the area prior to vigorous
manipulating the area by aggressive fudo chops will help, but care must be
taken not to overheat and burn the skin. The hot massage must be
followed with an icepack.
If this fails to work and you are desperate, a combination
of surgical liposuction to remove the fat from the bulges and fat
transfer to place the fat in the dimples may even out the irregularities and
permanently remove some of the fat stores.
STRETCH MARKS
 Known medically as Striae, are the visible evidence
that the skin’s building blocks (collagen and elastin) could not keep up with
its need for growth.
 Stretch marks are formed when the skin stretches at a
rate that cannot be sustained by its elasticity. They may appear after rapid weight
gain ,spurts of growth
and pregnancy. The development of breasts in
adolescent girls and bulking up of muscles in weight lifters can also cause
stretch marks. Infact, anything that increases the body’s cortisone
levels, as in case of puberty, obesity or weight gain, the infection of
cortisone medications or even the application of potent cortisone creams will
increase the chances of developing stretch marks.
 They initially appear as red or purple lines
of varying length or widths. Sometimes they are wrinkled and shiny.
Gradually they fade to a shade lighter than the surrounding skin.
 Women are more prone to stretch marks appearing on the
breasts, lower abdomen, the buttocks and thighs.
 Many techniques currently being used to reduce or
eliminate stretch marks, are not yet refined and require further research and
exploration.

TREATMENT
1.  The use of tretinoin has proven to be the most
effective treatment to date. Tretinoin in form of Retisol-A, Retin-A,
Stieva-A, Rejuva-A, Renova or Vitamin A acid applied to stretch mark in high
doses can cause a realignment of the collagen in the skin.
 To be effective, tretinoin must be applied in high
doses, no less than 0.1% per day for a period of 12 weeks. The area becomes,
very irritated dry and itchy.  This reaction  is important to the
success of the treatment and must not be interfered by using moisturizing
creams, or mild cortisone creams to ease discomfort.
 Stretch marks that have developed recently are more
receptive to treatment with tretinoin than stretch marks which have been around
for a while.
2.  The next best treatment is to resurface the
stretch marks with the carbon dioxide  laser. This causes a
reorganization of the collagen architecture in the skin. Overly aggressive
treatment can also result in scaring and irregular pigmentation.
3. In some cases the vascular removal laser may help
to improve the look of stretch marks.
4. Another option is the use of injectable collagen.
Zyplast collagen can be injected and molded into the depressed and thinned area
of the stretch marks. The results are variable and not permanent and the amount
of collagen that will be required to fill large areas of stretch marks would be
very costly.
5. Linear surgical excision may help to select
instances where a fine white scar would be preferable to unsightly
stretch marks.
6. Opaque cosmetics, such as cover mark and derma
blend may be used to camouflage visible stretch marks if they are particularly
troublesome.
All these treatment options need to be discussed by you with
a dermatologist before choosing any of the treatment options.
bebeakinboade

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